Unequal Childhoods: Class, Race, and Family Life
Average customer rating: 5 out of 5 stars
  • great service
  • Unequal Childhoods Well Written and Well Researched
  • "Unequal Childhoods"
  • A great look at parenting differences across different economic backgrounds
  • engrossing discussion of class-based childrearing habits
Unequal Childhoods: Class, Race, and Family Life
Annette Lareau
Manufacturer: University of California Press
ProductGroup: Book
Binding: Paperback

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ASIN: 0520239504

Book Description

Class does make a difference in the lives and futures of American children. Drawing on in-depth observations of black and white middle-class, working-class, and poor families, Unequal Childhoods explores this fact, offering a picture of childhood today. Here are the frenetic families managing their children's hectic schedules of "leisure" activities; and here are families with plenty of time but little economic security. Lareau shows how middle-class parents, whether black or white, engage in a process of "concerted cultivation" designed to draw out children's talents and skills, while working-class and poor families rely on "the accomplishment of natural growth," in which a child's development unfolds spontaneously--as long as basic comfort, food, and shelter are provided. Each of these approaches to childrearing brings its own benefits and its own drawbacks. In identifying and analyzing differences between the two, Lareau demonstrates the power, and limits, of social class in shaping the lives of America's children.

Customer Reviews:

5 out of 5 stars great service.......2007-08-04

I am a university student who purchased this textbook for a class. It came exactly as the seller said. I will use this service in the futute.

5 out of 5 stars Unequal Childhoods Well Written and Well Researched .......2006-07-11

Everyone knows that socioeconomic status is related to academic success, but not many books have examined the lives of kids outside of school in detail to reveal how differences in social class are related to differences in use of language, organizing time, dealing with authorities, family disputes, and doing homework.

I'm a professor in a graduate school of education, and it was important to me that Lareau was a careful researcher as well as a clear and lively writer. She studied 12 families, each with a fourth-grade child. Half were white, half were black. Half were from low social positions, and half from relatively high social positions. Lareau found that the upper-middle class families deliberately stimlated their child's development and conveyed a sense of entitlement, whereas lower class families believed that kids matured "naturally" -- regardless of race. I found it so persuasive and well-written that I'm assigning it to my students.

4 out of 5 stars "Unequal Childhoods".......2006-05-11

I read this book for a class about the achievement gap. I really liked how this book examined the achievement gap from a socioeconomic point of view. Lareau's case studies of families from varying races and social classes made her research easy to read and interesting. Her analysis of two different parenting styles-concerted cultivation and theory of natural growth-points out the implications each style has on children's performance in school, their interactions with adults, and later success in searching for jobs/careers. This was a great read for school or just for fun.

4 out of 5 stars A great look at parenting differences across different economic backgrounds.......2006-04-21

I was asked to read this for a class assignment and was delightfully surprised at what a great book it was! The different case studies about different families were very insightful into different types of parenting as well as how parenting and economics may impact children's achievement both in school and in extracurricular activities. A good read for those in the education field or for a parent interested in seeing how other families deal with the busy schedules of their children and how that may impact their family life.

5 out of 5 stars engrossing discussion of class-based childrearing habits.......2006-04-14

The book is worth reading for its fascinating case studies and for the very convincing discussion of the two very different types of childrearing habits: "concerted cultivation" for the middle and upper middle class and "natural growth" for working class and poor.

I am not convinced that the middle class "concerted cultivation" childrearing habits provide the benefits that the author suggests. "Concerted cultivation" is pretty new so there is no real evidence that a "concerted cultivation" childhood will benefit someone independent of socioeconomic status and genetics.

It is still a five-star book. It ties together things about modern middle class childhood that I wouldn't have thought to be related at all.
Polarized America: The Dance of Ideology and Unequal Riches (Walras-Pareto Lectures)
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  • A worthwhile read
Polarized America: The Dance of Ideology and Unequal Riches (Walras-Pareto Lectures)
Nolan McCarty , Keith T. Poole , and Howard Rosenthal
Manufacturer: The MIT Press
ProductGroup: Book
Binding: Hardcover

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ASIN: 0262134640

Book Description

The idea of America as politically polarized--that there is an unbridgeable divide between right and left, red and blue states--has become a cliché. What commentators miss, however, is that increasing polarization in recent decades has been closely accompanied by fundamental social and economic changes--most notably, a parallel rise in income inequality. In Polarized America, Nolan McCarty, Keith Poole, and Howard Rosenthal examine the relationships of polarization, wealth disparity, immigration, and other forces, characterizing it as a dance of give and take and back and forth causality.

Using NOMINATE (a quantitative procedure that, like interest group ratings, scores politicians on the basis of their roll call voting records) to measure polarization in Congress and public opinion, census data and Federal Election Commission finance records to measure polarization among the public, the authors find that polarization and income inequality fell in tandem from 1913 to 1957 and rose together dramatically from 1977 on; they trace a parallel rise in immigration beginning in the 1970s. They show that Republicans have moved right, away from redistributive policies that would reduce income inequality. Immigration, meanwhile, has facilitated the move to the right: non-citizens, a larger share of the population and disproportionately poor, cannot vote; thus there is less political pressure from the bottom for redistribution than there is from the top against it. In "the choreography of American politics" inequality feeds directly into political polarization, and polarization in turn creates policies that further increase inequality.

Customer Reviews:

5 out of 5 stars A worthwhile read.......2006-09-03

Polarized America is a difficult, but valuable read. Nolan McCarty, Keith Poole, and Howard Rosenthal, three political scientists wrote the book for other political scientists. Nevertheless, reading and then rereading the book is time well spent. Their arguments about our current political polarization are thoughtful and detailed. I will not summarize the book beyond a list of the chapters and a follow-up sentence.
1. The Choreography of American Politics
2. Polarized Politicians
3. Income Polarization and the Electorate
4. Immigration, Income, and the Voter's Incentive to Redistribute
5. Campaign Finance and Polarization
6. Polarization and Public Policy
7. Where Have you Gone, Mr. Sam [Rayburn]
Excellent graphics and tables, which the reader should avoid the temptation to skip, illustrate the chapters.
A one-sentence summary of their thesis is that America is politically stuck and is likely to remain so until tectonic social events move the parties from the political edges back to the middle, the position from which American political institutions work best.
Marriage and Caste in America: Separate and Unequal Families in a Post-Marital Age
Average customer rating: 4.5 out of 5 stars
  • Marriage is so much more than two people 'in love'
  • Good, but Have Three Concerns
  • Marriage is good for the children
  • Impressive but troubling research
  • The unequal distribution of marriage
Marriage and Caste in America: Separate and Unequal Families in a Post-Marital Age
Kay S. Hymowitz
Manufacturer: Ivan R. Dee, Publisher
ProductGroup: Book
Binding: Hardcover

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ASIN: 1566637090

Book Description

Kay Hymowitz argues the results of the experiment separating marriage from childrearing are in, and they turn out to be bad news not only for children but also, in ways little understood, for the country as a whole. In fact our great family experiment threatens to turn what the founders imagined as an opportunity-rich republic of equal citizens into a hereditary caste society.

Customer Reviews:

5 out of 5 stars Marriage is so much more than two people 'in love'.......2007-06-27

This is a very powerful book. There are couple of concepts that really jumped out at me.

1) The modern notion that the primary purpose of marriage is personal happiness and expression, as oppose to child rearing. She really made some good arguments about why child rearing has to be the primary focus of marriage in a free and democratic society. In a society where the citizens are the final authority government should not be `raising' our children. Yet, with single parenthood on the rise and the inevitable burdens it puts on our social structure government is taking an increasingly larger part in the rearing of the next generation of citizens. Marriage has a truly positive material effect on the lives of children. What material effect (if any) does marriage really have on people declaring love for each alone?

2) The fact that alternative family structures are the last thing the African American community needs. African Americans have had alternative family structures for the last 30 plus years. Has it helped the dynamics and effectiveness of the black family over that time? African Americans have to be careful when we take on certain attitudes of the mainstream culture. We can not dismiss the positive effects marriage has on children as easily as other cultures can. Truthfully, I do not think other cultures should either. But as Ms. Hymowitz shows, the aftermath of that dismissal is much more devastating to a community where over 70% of the children are born to unmarried parents.

All in all, this is a powerful book that most American should read. There comes a point when we must become truly concerned about the generations coming behind us. Once we have had all our fun, what kind of society will we be leaving them? At what point do we sacrifice some personal desire for the good of our nation as a whole? The book may not be flawless, but it can ignite a great conversation that needs to take place in our current debates.


5 out of 5 stars Good, but Have Three Concerns.......2007-04-06

Her book clarifies the psychology of the urban or inner city drift that characterizes so much of what Thomas Sowell hammers on in his own writings about "cultural capital." This is a good read.

Concerns:

1. It cites numerous other sources, but doesn't have a bibliography. I use bibliographies often to find other materials to read on a subject. Granted it would make the book several pages longer, but it would still be a good idea for the paperback edition.

2. She does not cite statistics about the prevalence of desire among homosexual folks to tie a legal knot even though she leads the reader to believe that part of her thesis is that the idea of homosexual marriage threatens the Founding Fathers' definition of marriage in the USA. My guess is that their numbers and percentages are so low that they would not make it onto the radar screen. But even if they are higher, she still does not try to explain why a legal union (why not call it a marriage?) that cannot produce children is anything like the threat from those who fail to inculcate the "american life script." In the instances when gay couples adopt from outside eithers' experience or raise each others' children, she fails to enumerate their results; my guess is that they are pretty good. Certainly I'd bet that gay couples rate higher than average on her other indicators of being likely to succeed in today's society.

3. In the last chapter, the one with reasons for hope, she does not connect her reasons to be hopeful to the inner city situation that she spent a great deal of time describing and explaining. All of her hopeful evidence strikes me as more likely to be psychologically relevant to those who were raised where the life script was at least being rebelled against instead of lost all together from the collective experience. Gen-Xers have a different culture than inner city, poor, young, single African-Americans. It is not clear that any of her cited evidence is relevant to the latter group.

5 out of 5 stars Marriage is good for the children .......2007-03-22

These essays make an argument about life and class in America. Kay Hymowitz points to a tremendous increase in births of illegitimate children over the past four decades. She suggests that the children of the non- married have poor chance of success in subsequent life. They do not have models and examples which teach them the meaning of discipline, work, delay of gratification for a long- term goal. She indicates that there is a growing multigenerational underclass in America. And she in effect makes a strong argument that married parents are the best thing for the children.
While she does not provide a mass of statistical data to support her case she does write in a reasonable, clear and convincing way.
This is an alarming book for all those who care about the future of America.

5 out of 5 stars Impressive but troubling research.......2007-02-19

What are we going to do? That's the question Hymowitz asks as she surveys the wreckage of marriage in America.

"In 1960 ...the percentage of high school dropouts who were never-married mothers barely hit 1 percent...Moreover, almost all women stayed married" (p 18). How things have changed. Now our illegitimacy rate hovers at 37% and the majority of children spend at least part of their childhood without both their natural parents.

A huge number of young women have simply lost the life script that would lead them to marriage. And the result is tragic.

Children of single mothers are at huge risk for emotional problems, drug abuse, suicide, sexual abuse, and school problems. There are only a tiny minority of prisoners in our prisons who grew up with both their natural parents.

Worse, these problems do not go away after a few years. They are lifelong, rolling like waves through years of further troubled relationships and poverty. And even worse than that, none of the palliatives most people suggest have helped. Head Start is a failure. As research in Sweden shows, no matter how much money the government spends, children of single mothers tend never to do as well as the children of married parents.

Nor can the presence of a father figure later on help much. In fact, statistics show that second marriages or later father figures tend to increase, not decrease, the amount of trouble for the child.

It's apparent even among the elite. "Cornell professor Jennifer Gerner was baffled some years ago when she n noticed that only about 10% of her students came from divorced families' (p 24).

So if our breezy modern attitude toward marriage is harming a huge number of children, what can be done?

Anyone interested in this subject will want to read the best book on the subject, "The Abolition of Marriage" by Maggie Gallagher.

4 out of 5 stars The unequal distribution of marriage.......2007-02-13

This is a well written and accessible look at some of the research surrounding marriage and poverty. In the first chapter Kay Hymowitz shows that the breakdown of marriage has not been a universal phenomenon. Instead divorce and single motherhood are concentrated among the poor. The result is that the breakdown of marriage entraps another generation into poverty. This shows up clearly in the statistics, Only 20% of children in families earning under $15,000 live with both parents, compared to 92% for children whose parents make over $75,000. This also shows up in surprising ways. In a world in which divorce rates are nearly fifty percent, only 10% of students in elite colleges come from divorced families.

Affluent families are governed by what Hymowitz dubs "The Mission." Affluent parents invest tremendous amounts of time and energy into their children in order to prepare them for a successful life. Even socially liberal women recognize the importance of enlisting fathers in the process of raising children. Heartbreakingly, this is not emulated in the broken homes of the underclass. There is an adage that goes, "When America catches a cold, black America catches pneumonia," and this is sadly true when it comes to the breakdown of the family. Hymowitz describes childrearing in the black community, where in many inner cities the rates of out of wedlock childbirths are nearly 80%. Unmarried parents may start out with good intentions, but over time they drift in different directions. When the black mothers try to get the fathers to invest more time and energy into their children, they are derided for "actin' white."

Other books that people who read this will like are The Marriage Problem: How Our Culture Has Weakened Families by sociologist James Q. Wilson. It is a more thorough treatment of much of the same material, including the current research, history, and sociology of marriage. It also directly grapples with, and refutes, the arguments of William Julius Wilson, who argues that the breakdown of marriage is a consequence of the loss of manufacturing jobs in the cities (the success of immigrants in the same cities, and the decline of marriage even among employed blacks). Civil Rights: Rhetoric or Reality by Thomas Sowell is another great choice. Sowell surveys how different cultures each have their own idea of what Hymowitz calls The Mission. This is why, for example, blacks of West Indian descent make 92% as much as whites, compared to 68% for blacks as a whole. Finally, some articles by both Hymowitz and Wilson are available online at the website for the magazine City Journal.
Unequal Justice: Lawyers and Social Change in Modern America
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    Unequal Justice: Lawyers and Social Change in Modern America
    Jerold S. Auerbach
    Manufacturer: Oxford University Press, USA
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    Binding: Paperback

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    America Unequal (Russell Sage Foundation Books at Harvard University Press)
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      America Unequal (Russell Sage Foundation Books at Harvard University Press)
      Sheldon H. Danziger , and Peter Gottschalk
      Manufacturer: Harvard University Press
      ProductGroup: Book
      Binding: Hardcover

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      ASIN: 0674018109

      Book Description

      America Unequal demonstrates how powerful economic forces have diminished the prospects of millions of Americans and why "a rising tide no longer lifts all boats." Changes in the economy, public policies, and family structure have contributed to slow growth in family incomes and rising economic inequality. Poverty remains high because of an erosion of employment opportunities for less-skilled workers, not because of an erosion of the work ethic; because of a failure of government to do more for the poor and the middle class, not because of social programs.

      There is nothing about a market economy, the authors say, that ensures that a rising standard of living will reduce inequality. If a new technology, such as computerization, leads firms to hire more managers and fewer typists, then the wages of lower-paid secretaries will decline and the wages of more affluent managers will increase. Such technological changes as well as other economic changes, particularly the globalization of markets, have had precisely this effect on the distribution of income in the United States.

      America Unequal challenges the view, emphasized in the Republicans' "Contract with America," that restraining government social spending and cutting welfare should be our top domestic priorities. Instead, it proposes a set of policies that would reduce poverty by supplementing the earnings of low-wage workers and increasing the employment prospects of the jobless. Such demand-side policies, Sheldon Danziger and Peter Gottschalk argue, are essential for correcting a labor market that has been increasingly unable to absorb less-skilled and less-experienced workers.

      Unequal Cures: Public Health and Political Change in Bolivia, 1900-1950
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        Unequal Cures: Public Health and Political Change in Bolivia, 1900-1950
        Ann Zulawski
        Manufacturer: Duke University Press
        ProductGroup: Book
        Binding: Paperback

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        ASIN: 0822339161

        Book Description

        Unequal Cures illuminates the connections between public health and political change in Bolivia from the beginning of the twentieth century, when the country was a political oligarchy, until the eve of the 1952 national revolution that ushered in universal suffrage, agrarian reform, and the nationalization of Bolivia’s tin mines. Ann Zulawski examines both how the period’s major ideological and social transformations changed medical thinking and how ideas of public health figured in debates about what kind of country Bolivia should become. Zulawski argues that the emerging populist politics of the 1930s and 1940s helped consolidate Bolivia’s medical profession and that improved public health was essential to the creation of a modern state. Yet she finds that at mid-century, women, indigenous Bolivians, and the poor were still considered inferior and consequently received often inadequate medical treatment and lower levels of medical care.

        Drawing on hospital and cemetery records, censuses, diagnoses, newspaper accounts, and interviews, Zulawski describes the major medical problems that Bolivia faced during the first half of the twentieth century, their social and economic causes, and efforts at their amelioration. Her analysis encompasses the Rockefeller Foundation’s campaign against yellow fever, the almost total collapse of Bolivia’s health care system during the disastrous Chaco War with Paraguay (1932–35), an assessment of women’s health in light of their socioeconomic realities, and a look at Manicomio Pacheco, the national mental hospital.
        Unequal Schools, Unequal Chances: The Challenges to Equal Opportunity in the Americas (David Rockefeller Center Series on Latin American Studies)
        Average customer rating: 5 out of 5 stars
        • Unequal Schools, Unequal Opportunies
        Unequal Schools, Unequal Chances: The Challenges to Equal Opportunity in the Americas (David Rockefeller Center Series on Latin American Studies)
        Inés Aguerrondo , Patricia Arregui , Teresa Bracho , Juan Eduardo García-Huidobro , Pete Goldschmidt , Antonio Enriquez Gomez , Carlos Munoz Izquierdo , Arturo Miranda , Patricia E. Muniz , Gary Orfield , Suhas Parandekar , Jaime Saavedra , Raquel Ahuja Sánchez , Ernesto Schiefelbein , and Paulina Schiefelbein
        Manufacturer: Harvard University David Rockefeller Center for Latin American Studies
        ProductGroup: Book
        Binding: Paperback

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        1. Despite the Odds: The Contentious Politics of Education Reform Despite the Odds: The Contentious Politics of Education Reform

        ASIN: 0674003756

        Book Description

        With the greatest income inequality in the world, the nations of the Americas face the challenge of consolidating democratic regimes, improving productivity, and reducing poverty as they enter the twenty-first century. Educational opportunity is central to this threefold challenge. The distinguished contributors to this volume discuss current policies and issues in Argentina, Chile, Colombia, Mexico, Peru, and the United States, as they explore the nature of the relationship among education, poverty, and inequality. The book provides impressive evidence linking school participation, the quality of education for poor children in the Americas, and the impact of education policies to promote social justice. Using both qualitative and quantitative data, the book addresses the following sets of questions: How does the education system reproduce social inequality? How does education provide opportunities for social mobility? What are the causal processes involved? What is the direction of this causation? Linking theory and practice, the authors explore the dynamic relationship between educational change and social change, and weigh the significance of their findings for the educational chances of poor children.

        Customer Reviews:

        5 out of 5 stars Unequal Schools, Unequal Opportunies.......2001-08-31

        A provocative and immensely helpful book, Unequal Schools is also a handbook for participatory practices in fostering social and economic growth in both developing and seemingly developed nations. It is a volume that can be used in undergraduate courses in Latin American history, government, or economics, and a work that could be definitive in graduate education courses. In Unequal Schools, Unequal Chances, Fernando Reimers has added another project to his agenda of participatory solutions to third world problems: here the issue of equity and equal opportunity that education can offer to social and economic development. Reimers offers both a highly original vision and a continuation of the important research agendas begun in the late 1950s and early 60s by Noel McGinn, et al at the Harvard GSOE. As befits a participatory philosophy, Reimers includes multiple perspectives on each country/region, mixing local and outside views of the area and topics. This edited volume includes carefully selected, quantitatively based research from across the Americas. The tables, charts, and graphing are valuable as quantitative descriptions of places and topics not commonly available to students or scholars. Enrollment figures are generally available in Latin America, although they do not always accurately describe what they purport to describe. Here these standard data are coupled with measures of inequality and other social, economic, and academic data. International tests, measures and analytic descriptors of spending, as well as comparative social indicators explain and enhance the work here, informing student and academic alike. These combine with often compelling photos of students and locations to underline the message of the text. Reimers himself describes the theoretical premises and the limits faced by the authors. He is apologetic for being so involved personally in an edited volume: he writes three of the introductory chapters and the conclusion. However, it would be hard for Reimers to step aside in a work that is the most recent culmination of his twenty-year research agenda. In two well-written and interesting chapters he explains the why and what prescribed by educational opportunity in this hemisphere. Reimers knows the interconnection of education, poverty and inequality in the Americas, and he defines these elements in their paradoxical relationship: "In the presence of growing levels of educational opportunity and attainment ... [there are] growing levels of income inequality and very severe, persistent poverty" (page 5). This paradox is the research driven knowledge that development requires an educated population, at least workforce, yet the reality that most of these societies preserve structure that screen people out of the educational system. Unequal Schools describes a basic conflict between educational success and failure often created by the social and economic context of the student. The research shows that poverty leads to lowered opportunity in Argentina, Chile, Colombia, Mexico, Peru, and the United States. These countries represent 474 million people and 61% of the population of the Americas. Policy may not represent reality, particularly in describing what happens to poor children in school, but it has often been successful in improving the conditions and schools that these children attend. The opening section of the book also includes chapters by Charles Willie and Donald Winkler, both are old hands in the equity discussion. Willie's emphasis on raising the levels by raising all boats - not the water - is based upon his observation that too many have drowned by the rising tide in the past. Winkler, a scholar of Latin America, discusses the framework for classifying approaches for improving the education of poor children and schools, defining the theoretical landscape. The choice of Argentina underlines the inherent paradox in the book's theme, yet also shows the possibility of expanding opportunity through policy choices. Two chapters on Chile show successes in linking educational goals and public policy. A single chapter on Colombia describes a similar premise. Mexico dominates the middle end of the book. It is evident that Mexico holds an important position as evidence of the success of policy when responding to research! Sylvia Schmelkes details the gap between improving statistics and a continuing growing inequity. Peru is used to study the role of educational finance in fostering educational inequality. The evidence is damning. One of the fascinating elements of this book is the inclusion of the United States. A full chapter, by Gary Orfield, discusses those parts of the US where continuing, even institutionalized poverty mirrors the impact of third world poverty and its equity void. He questions the use of the United States as a world model when so much inequality remains embedded in the system. Orfield offers quantitative evidence the mid-twentieth century of the persistence of inequality and the failure to alleviate those conditions in an economy without real excuses for its failure. Unequal Schools, Unequal Opportunities fulfills its goals. It provides the evidence to define its context. It also examines and describes successful policy. What is most clear is that the problems have always overwhelmed the effort to resolve them, and in all cases it has been the poor who have suffered the consequences. Equity has deprived the poor, but it has deprived the nation of their talents. The bottom line this book offers is that the need to solve the problems of poverty coexists with the problems of staffing, facilities, and curriculum that may characterize poor schools. Equity is a social and economic problem that becomes an educational issue. The schools exist within a specific context, and are effected by--often determined by--its conditions. Unequal Schools offers data and suggestions for a wholistic approach to making education a positive tool for social and economic development. It is not limited to the developing world, or to Latin America, although that is its focus.
        Legalizing Gender Inequality: Courts, Markets and Unequal Pay for Women in America (Structural Analysis in the Social Sciences)
        Average customer rating: 3.5 out of 5 stars
        • what a great book!
        • Good for nobody...unless you're a lawyer or an economist
        • Must-reading on discrimination and labor economics
        Legalizing Gender Inequality: Courts, Markets and Unequal Pay for Women in America (Structural Analysis in the Social Sciences)
        Robert L. Nelson , and William P. Bridges
        Manufacturer: Cambridge University Press
        ProductGroup: Book
        Binding: Paperback

        GeneralGeneral | Women & Business | Business & Investing | Subjects | Books
        GeneralGeneral | Popular Economics | Business & Investing | Subjects | Books
        Labor & Industrial RelationsLabor & Industrial Relations | Economics | Business & Investing | Subjects | Books
        Labor & EmploymentLabor & Employment | Business | Law | Subjects | Books
        Discrimination & RacismDiscrimination & Racism | Social Sciences | Nonfiction | Subjects | Books
        GeneralGeneral | Gender Studies | Social Sciences | Nonfiction | Subjects | Books
        GeneralGeneral | Sociology | Social Sciences | Nonfiction | Subjects | Books
        Similar Items:
        1. Men and Women of the Corporation Men and Women of the Corporation
        2. Selling Women Short: Gender and Money on Wall Street Selling Women Short: Gender and Money on Wall Street
        3. Gender & Racial Inequality at Work: The Sources & Consequences of Job Segregation (Cornell Studies in Industrial and Labor Relations) Gender & Racial Inequality at Work: The Sources & Consequences of Job Segregation (Cornell Studies in Industrial and Labor Relations)
        4. Job Queues, Gender Queues: Explaining Women's Inroads into Male Occupations (Women in the Political Economy Series) Job Queues, Gender Queues: Explaining Women's Inroads into Male Occupations (Women in the Political Economy Series)
        5. Crossing the Great Divide: Worker Risk and Opportunity in the New Economy (ILR Press Books) Crossing the Great Divide: Worker Risk and Opportunity in the New Economy (ILR Press Books)

        ASIN: 0521627508

        Book Description

        Based on case studies of four organizations that were sued for pay discrimination, Legalizing Gender Inequality challenges existing theories of gender inequality within economic, sociological, and legal contexts. The book argues that male-female earnings differentials cannot be explained adequately by market forces, principles of efficiency, or society-wide sexism. Rather it suggests that employing organizations tend to disadvantage holders of predominantly female jobs by denying them power in organizational politics and reproducing male cultural advantages. The book argues that the courts have, by uncritically accepting the market explanation for wage disparity, tended to legitimate and to legalize a crucial dimension of gender inequality.

        Customer Reviews:

        5 out of 5 stars what a great book!.......2003-04-15

        This book makes the very important point (based on empirical evidence) that organizational and structural practices can result in pay inequality that becomes attributed to the "market." Further, this becomes "legalized" (or condoned in the american legal system) because the market is reified by judges and thought to be "natural" rather than socially constructed. The authors brilliantly demonstrate how this occurs in 4 organizations. This is why it has won every major award in sociology and law and society.

        1 out of 5 stars Good for nobody...unless you're a lawyer or an economist.......2003-01-15

        I read this as a requirement for one of my graduate courses in Sociology and to be perfectly honest, a classroom full of well-educated people, open and willing to take in Nelson and Bridges' ideas could not make heads or tails of it, and that includes our professor! It is certainly bogged down with legal jargon which makes a lot of it very difficult and not very interesting to read. The conclusions were muddled and unclear which makes the reader question what the point was in the first place. Additionally, from a feminist's point of view, I have to draw in to question the motivation of two white males in writing a book about gender inequality in the workplace. Anonymity among social scientists has become an outdated relic of the positivist period and particularly in this case, prompts the reader to question what the writers have to hide.

        5 out of 5 stars Must-reading on discrimination and labor economics.......1999-08-25

        Fascinating reading, darkly hilarious in spots and an important challenge to orthodox labor economics and law--both of which assume that people's pay is set in "the market." As the authors point out, employers defending discrimination suits don't even have to prove this--it's just an assumption of the system. But the authors show that employers only encounter that "market" through intermediaries, the consultants and advisers who tell them what people are paid--and those people have their own biases, interests, and agendas. The authors carefully examine the records in some famous discrimination cases and show how unlikely it was that any "market" required that the maintenance men be paid more than the secretaries. Every labor economist and lawyer should read this book.
        Unequal Justice Lawyers and Social Change in Modern America
        Average customer rating: Not rated
          Unequal Justice Lawyers and Social Change in Modern America
          Jerold Auerbach
          Manufacturer: Oxford University Press, 1976
          ProductGroup: Book
          Binding: Hardcover
          ASIN: B000LTBGIK
          America Unequal. (book reviews): An article from: Journal of Economic Issues
          Average customer rating: Not rated
            America Unequal. (book reviews): An article from: Journal of Economic Issues
            Charles M.A. Clark
            Manufacturer: Association for Evolutionary Economics
            ProductGroup: Book
            Binding: Digital
            ASIN: B00097LNHS
            Release Date: 2005-07-28

            Book Description

            This digital document is an article from Journal of Economic Issues, published by Association for Evolutionary Economics on March 1, 1997. The length of the article is 1256 words. The page length shown above is based on a typical 300-word page. The article is delivered in HTML format and is available in your Amazon.com Digital Locker immediately after purchase. You can view it with any web browser.

            Citation Details
            Title: America Unequal. (book reviews)
            Author: Charles M.A. Clark
            Publication: Journal of Economic Issues (Refereed)
            Date: March 1, 1997
            Publisher: Association for Evolutionary Economics
            Volume: v31 Issue: n1 Page: p287(3)

            Article Type: Book Review

            Distributed by Thomson Gale

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