Book Description
With the exception of Sub-Saharan Africa, Latin America and the Caribbean has been one of the regions of the world with the greatest inequality.
Inequality in Latin America and the Caribbean: Breaking with History? explores why the region suffers from such persistent inequality, identifies how it hampers development, and suggests ways to achieve greater equity in the distribution of wealth, incomes and opportunities. The study draws on data from 20 countries based on household surveys covering 3.6 million people, and reviews extensive economic, sociological and political science studies on inequality in Latin America.
To address the deep historical roots of inequality in Latin America, and the powerful contemporary economic, political and social mechanisms that sustain it, Inequality in Latin America and the Caribbean outlines four broad areas for action by governments and civil society groups to break this destructive pattern:
Build more open political and social institutions, that allow the poor and historically subordinate groups to gain a greater share of agency, voice and power in society.
Ensure that economic institutions and policies seek greater equity, through sound macroeconomic management and equitable, efficient crisis resolution institutions, that avoid the large regressive redistributions that occur during crises, and that allow for saving in good times to enhance access by the poor to social safety nets in bad times.
Increase access by the poor to high-quality public services, especially education, health, water and electricity, as well as access to farmland and the rural services. Protect and enforce the property rights of the urban poor.
Reform income transfer programs so that they reach the poorest families.
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With the exception of Sub-Saharan Africa, Latin America and the Caribbean has been one of the regions of the world with the greatest inequality. Inequality in Latin America and the Caribbean: Breaking with History? explores why the region suffers from such persistent inequality, identifies how it hampers development, and suggests ways to achieve greater equity in the distribution of wealth, incomes and opportunities. The study draws on data from 20 countries based on household surveys covering 3.6 million people, and reviews extensive economic, sociological and political science studies on inequality in Latin America. To address the deep historical roots of inequality in Latin America, and the powerful contemporary economic, political and social mechanisms that sustain it, Inequality in Latin America and the Caribbean outlines four broad areas for action by governments and civil society groups to break this destructive pattern: Build more open political and social institutions, that allow the poor and historically subordinate groups to gain a greater share of agency, voice and power in society. Ensure that economic institutions and policies seek greater equity, through sound macroeconomic management and equitable, efficient crisis resolution institutions, that avoid the large regressive redistributions that occur during crises, and that allow for saving in good times to enhance access by the poor to social safety nets in bad times. Increase access by the poor to high-quality public services, especially education, health, water and electricity, as well as access to farmland and the rural services. Protect and enforce the property rights of the urban poor. Reform income transfer programs so that they reach the poorest families.
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Fiscal Policy for Development: Poverty, Reconstruction and Growth (Studies in Development Economics and Policy)
Manufacturer: Palgrave Macmillan
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ASIN: 0230004997 |
Book Description
This book provides both a comprehensive and balanced guide to the current policy debate and new results on the development impact of fiscal policies.
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Macro-Economics: Making Gender Matter: Concepts, Policies and Institutional Change in Developing Countries
Manufacturer: Zed Books
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Binding: Paperback
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ASIN: 1842770616 |
Book Description
Economic analysis grounded in a gender approach is beginning to enter mainstream economics. The discipline is increasingly recognizing that economic behavior may be influenced by gender, as well as examining critically the gender discrimination inherent in some macroeconomic concepts. This volume, with its wide-ranging intellectual explorations and specific case studies, seeks to make a contribution to this process. Using often original empirical material taken from the actual experiences of Latin American countries, the contributors explore a wide range of key issues.
Book Description
This wide-ranging and innovative book synthesises the findings of a major international study of the political economy of poverty, equity, and growth. It is based primarily on analytical economic histories of 21 developing countries from 1950 to 1985, but also takes account of the wider literature on the subject. The authors take an ambitious interdisciplinary approach to identify patterns in the interplay of initial conditions, instiuttions, interests, and ideas which can help to explain the different growth and poverty alleviation outcomes in the Third World. Three different types of poverty are distinguished, based on their causes, and a more nebulous idea of equityin contrast to egalitarianismis shown to have influenced policy. Since growth is found to be the major means of alleviating mass structural poverty, much of the book is concerned with discovering explanations for policies which are found to be the most important influences on the proximate causes of growth. Lal and Mynt also consider the available evidence on the role of direct transferspublic and privatein alleviating destitution and conjunctural poverty. The Political Economy of Poverty, Equity, and Growth develops a novel framework for the comparative analysis of different growth outcomes. This framework distinguishes between the different relative factor endowments of land, labour, and capital, and between the different organizational structures of pesent versus plantation and mining economies. It also differentiates between the polities of 'autonomous' and 'factional' states in the countries studied, breaking the analysis down into further typological subdivisions and providing important new insights into the differing behaviour of economies that are rich in natural resources and those with abundant labour. These insights constitute a richer explanation for the divergent developmental outcomes in East Asia compared with Latin America and Africa. The evidence collated is used to argue for the continuing relevance of the classical liberal viewpoint on public policies for development, and to show why, even so, nationalist ideologies are likely to be adopted and lead to cycles of interventionism and liberalism. The evidence is also used to provide an explanation for the surprising current worldwide Age of Reform.
Customer Reviews:
New insight on economic growth and reduction of poverty.......2000-05-30
This an important book for international political economists, who today are focussed on poor nations' "failure to develop," and the persistence of poverty. Lal and Myint have gathered the results of studies of 16 poor countries. The studies were designed by the World Bank, and focussed on the question of whether successful growth reduces poverty or leaves the poor behind. An encouraging finding, summarized in Chapter 10, is that successful economic growth does improve the welfare of the poor, and the failure of economic growth deepens poverty. Other findings related to income inequality, social welfare spending, and social safety-nets are drawn from the 16 studies. The findings give a solid base from which to debate left-right policy positions on poverty elimination. The data and detail in this book make it ideal for an international political economy classroom, but perhaps not for the casual reader.
Average customer rating:
- disappointing
- Timely thoughts from a real economist
- Very Good thoughts on the eve of the Millennium
- A devastating critique of neoliberalism
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The Globalisation of Poverty: Impacts of Imf and World Bank Reforms
Michel Chossudovsky
Manufacturer: Zed Books
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Binding: Hardcover
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ASIN: 1856494012 |
Customer Reviews:
disappointing.......2004-05-31
This book is often thought-provoking, but ultimately too shallow. Too many of its conclusions are just stated without enough justification. Although not quite as quick to read, Stiglitz' "Globalization and its discontents" goes much deeper and has a more balanced point of view.
Timely thoughts from a real economist.......2000-03-28
Free thinking economists such as Mr Chossudovsky are few and far between. Please take the time to read about the reality of what we have been lured into.
Very Good thoughts on the eve of the Millennium.......1999-10-27
These are some wonderful thougts that have stimulated my mind into asking the question "CanAfricansThink?".This book exposes the disguise of mainstream economics which leaves human society's precious values at the hands of economic lust.All Africans need to know about this big con job being operated under the disguise of macro economics.
A devastating critique of neoliberalism.......1999-05-02
Looking at case studies from around the developing world, backed up with a strong theoretical analysis of the IMF and World Bank's role in the international economy, the globalisation of poverty brings the reader to one stark conclusion: 'Poverty is an input on the supply side, (of the global economy.)' Particularly interesting is Chossudovsky's explanation of the economic 'miracle' of Vietnam, while his analysis of the Yugoslav disaster, co-sponsored by the IMF and international financial investors, is very timely indeed. As Chossudovsky explains, the IMF and World Bank reforms have not merely suppressed populist and socialist economic measures and achievements; they have also prevented the development of national capitalisms, by creating economies directed towards the needs of the capitalist core states, rather than to the national market. For those harbouring any illusions about the economic order which governs humanity at the end of this century, this book is a necessary read. It's a pity that Chossudovsky works at the University of Ottawa and not the LSE, an institution that definitely needs realistic economists like him.
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Monetary Orders: Ambiguous Economics, Ubiquitous Politics (Cornell Studies in Political Economy)
Manufacturer: Cornell University Press
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Binding: Paperback
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ASIN: 0801488400 |
Book Description
Wherever there is money, there is money politics-a subject demanding ever greater attention at a time when monetary policies lead and the real economy follows. A principal defining characteristic of the contemporary global economy, Jonathan Kirshner contends, is the rise and preeminence of monetary phenomena—international financial crises, Central Bank Independence and inflation fighting, the creation of the euro, and monetary reform in emerging economies, to name only a few. Moreover, unlike most debates in political economy (such as those regarding trade policy), which are generally recognized as political, monetary phenomena and macroeconomic policies are typically represented as expressly apolitical. In Monetary Orders, a distinguished group of scholars explores the inescapable political origins of choices about money. The essays in Monetary Orders each address a specific issue or puzzle relating to money and its management. Their authors focus on markedly disparate cases but share a common observation: for most policy choices about money, market forces and economic logic can rule out certain options, but are indeterminate in explaining why one policy rather than another will be chosen. Ultimately, political factors are essential to explain fundamental and consequential choices about money.
Contributors: Rawi Abdelal, Harvard Business School Mark Blyth, Johns Hopkins University Michele Chang, Colgate University Francis Gavin, University of Texas, Austin Ilene Grabel, University of Denver William Grimes, Boston University Eric Helleiner, Trent University Jonathan Kirshner, Cornell University Hector Schamis, Cornell University David Stasavage, London School of Economics Hongying Wang, Syracuse University
Book Description
In the fifth edition of this widely adopted text, John Isbister brings the dilemmas of international poverty and the Third World into the 21st century. Besides including the most current information, data and discussion of political change around the world, Promises Not Kept now highlights the divergent paths chosen by different developing regions — some embracing modern technology and institutions, while others seek different paths.
Customer Reviews:
Alright for the information..........2007-02-19
but it's just that. So if you're in the market for anything else, look.. well elsewhere. This book just gives a sometimes one-sided view on current politics surrounding captalism, poverty, etc. Interesting only for research purposes.
This is a case where newer is not necessarily better........1999-09-11
Much of the clarity and conciseness that marked the 3rd edition of this work as an excellent introduction to the study of underdevelopment has been lost in the 4th edition. I have used the 3rd edition several times in the past two years as a primary text for a college-level course dealing with Third World culture and politics. This semester, I moved perforce to the 4th edition and have noted that my students (most of whom are having their first exposure to international political economy and who are neither political science nor economics majors) are having far more difficulty in comprehending the theoretical bases for explaining underdevelopment than they have had in the past. In short, the 4th edition is a step backwards and is somewhat disappointing. In my opinion, the 4th edition of this work has replaced an excellent resource with merely a good one.
Book Description
The 1960s and 70s were decades of solid growth rates for Latin America and the Caribbean region as a whole. This changed in the 1980s, when the growth rate of output per capita fell to negative values and its volatility increased notably. However, Latin America's economic growth became positive again in the 1990s, with truly remarkable turnarounds in Argentina, Costa Rica, El Salvador, Nicaragua, and Peru. This recovery was driven in most cases by large increases in the growth of total factor productivity, reflecting the initial benefits from the process of economic reforms initiated in the 1990s.
Economic Growth in Latin America and the Caribbean analyzes whether economic reforms have been beneficial to growth in the region. In doing so, it recognizes that growth is driven by a variety of factors - in some cases poor growth is due to insufficient structural reforms (e.g., low trade openness), in others to inappropriate stabilization policies (e.g., exchange rate overvaluation), and still in others to negative international conditions (e.g., growth slowdown in industrial countries). It is obvious but still correct to say that identifying the problem is the first step towards the solution. This book contributes to this effort by examining the growth performance of countries in Latin America and the Caribbean, explaining the underlying sources of their economic growth, and designing a strategy for further growth.
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"The 1960s and 70s were decades of solid growth rates for Latin America and the Caribbean region as a whole. This changed in the 1980s, when the growth rate of output per capita fell to negative values and its volatility increased notably. However, Latin America's economic growth became positive again in the 1990s, with truly remarkable turnarounds in Argentina, Costa Rica, El Salvador, Nicaragua, and Peru. This recovery was driven in most cases by large increases in the growth of total factor productivity, reflecting the initial benefits from the process of economic reforms initiated in the 1990s. Economic Growth in Latin America and the Caribbean analyzes whether economic reforms have been beneficial to growth in the region. In doing so, it recognizes that growth is driven by a variety of factors - in some cases poor growth is due to insufficient structural reforms (e.g., low trade openness), in others to inappropriate stabilization policies (e.g., exchange rate overvaluation), and still in others to negative international conditions (e.g., growth slowdown in industrial countries). It is obvious but still correct to say that identifying the problem is the first step towards the solution. This book contributes to this effort by examining the growth performance of countries in Latin America and the Caribbean, explaining the underlying sources of their economic growth, and designing a strategy for further growth. "
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Trade Policy in Developing Countries
Edward F. Buffie
Manufacturer: Cambridge University Press
ProductGroup: Book
Binding: Paperback
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International Economics (3rd Edition) (Addison-Wesley Series in Economics)
ASIN: 0521004268 |
Book Description
Trade Policy in Developing Countries is a research treatise aimed at academics, graduate students and professional, policy-oriented economists. It is the first work in the field to analyze trade policy in an integrated theoretical framework based on optimizing dynamic models that pay careful attention to the structural features of developing country economies. Following a thorough critique of the debate on inward- vs. outward-oriented trade regimes, Buffie examines the main issues of concern to less developed countries in the areas of optimal commercial policy, trade liberalization and direct foreign investment.
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Trade Policy in Developing Countries is aimed at academics, graduate students and professional, policy-oriented economists. It is the first work in the field to analyze trade policy in an integrated theoretical framework based on optimizing dynamic models that pay careful attention to the structural features of developing country economies. Following a thorough critique of the debate on inward- vs. outward-oriented trade regimes, Buffie examines the main issues of concern to less developed countries in the areas of optimal commercial policy, trade liberalization and direct foreign investment. In addition to many new and important results, the book contains systematic reviews of the empirical evidence and three expositional chapters that show the reader how to use the technical machinery of economic theory to construct and manipulate multi-sector dynamic general equilibrium models.
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Rules-Based Fiscal Policy in Emerging Markets: Background, Analysis and Prospects
Manufacturer: Palgrave Macmillan
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ASIN: 1403920850
Release Date: 2004-11-04 |
Book Description
Inspired by the experience of some advanced economies, a number of emerging market economies have recently adopted rules limiting the budget deficit, expenditure level, or indebtedness of the public sector, while others consider them for eventual adoption. This volume brings together policy analysts to discuss the rationale, suitability, and usefulness of fiscal policy rules in emerging market economies. Grouped under three main parts (political economy and macroeconomic setting; design issues at the national level; design issues at the subnational level), the chapters have a practical orientation, based on conceptual grounding.
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