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Modernization, Cultural Change, and Democracy: The Human Development Sequence
Ronald Inglehart , and Christian Welzel Manufacturer: Cambridge University Press ProductGroup: Book Binding: Paperback Similar Items:
ASIN: 0521609712 |
Book Description
This book demonstrates that people's basic values and beliefs are changing, in ways that affect their political, sexual, economic, and religious behavior. These changes are roughly predictable because they can be interpreted on the basis of a revised version of modernization theory presented here. Drawing on a massive body of evidence from societies containing 85% of the world's population, the authors demonstrate that modernization is a process of human development, in which economic development triggers cultural changes that make individual autonomy, gender equality, and democracy increasingly likely.Customer Reviews:
A Scientific Reexamination of Modernization.......2006-01-27
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Modernization from the Other Shore: American Intellectuals and the Romance of Russian Development
David C. Engerman Manufacturer: Harvard University Press ProductGroup: Book Binding: Hardcover Similar Items:
ASIN: 0674011511 |
Book Description
From the late nineteenth century to the eve of World War II, America's experts on Russia watched as Russia and the Soviet Union embarked on a course of rapid industrialization. Captivated by the idea of modernization, diplomats, journalists, and scholars across the political spectrum rationalized the enormous human cost of this path to progress. In a fascinating examination of this crucial era, David Engerman underscores the key role economic development played in America's understanding of Russia and explores its profound effects on U.S. policy.
American intellectuals from George Kennan to Samuel Harper to Calvin Hoover understood Russian events in terms of national character. Many of them used stereotypes of Russian passivity, backwardness, and fatalism to explain the need for--and the costs of--Soviet economic development. These costs included devastating famines that left millions starving while the government still exported grain.
This book is a stellar example of the new international history that seamlessly blends cultural and intellectual currents with policymaking and foreign relations. It offers valuable insights into the role of cultural differences and the shaping of economic policy for developing nations even today.
Customer Reviews:
Out of this crooked timber of humanity..........2004-05-27
But the problem was larger, much larger than the blindness of a few socialist intellectuals and the corruption of one spectacular journalist, as David Engerman points out in his important new book. One might imagine liberals and technocrats and socialists failing to appreciate the cruel truth. But what can we say about the attitude of Hoover's State Department? These people also showed little concern. Yet these people were so hostile to Communism they ensured that the United States was one of the few countries in the world that refused to recognize the Soviet Union. The problem, as Engerman details, arose from several key western prejudices, even if he does not fully recognize their complete importance. Americans were enthusiasts for progress and modernization. Many of them by the twenties were believers in a planned economy and this belief only increased with the Great Depression. The key problem for Russia and the later Soviet Union was that the overwhelming peasant population did not fit American plans for modernization, (or that of their rulers). For decades many Americans believed in a "national character" view of Russians that condemned them as "savage, hopeless, and helpless." There were exceptions, such as the first American translator of Tolstoy who uncritically supported czarism. And there were the supporters of American intervention in 1917 who deluded themselves into thinking that the Russian peasantry had swept aside Czarism in a wave of instinctive patriotism. But once the Soviets fell, the belief that the peasants had become lawless, anarchistic and hopeless was widespread. Wilson's Secretary of State, Robert Lansing, believed that the Russians needed a strong firm hand from a right-wing dictator.
As the twenties progressed this chauvinist attitude was replaced by the more hopeful, universalistic attitudes as Russian Studies became professionalised and institutionalized in the nation's universities. But the view of the Russian peasant as hopelessly backward and "Asiatic" did not go away. There was a natural sympathy from many Americans towards the technocratic, modernizing plans of the Soviet state. In one of the most interesting chapters, there is a long discussion of how Duranty, Louis Fischer, Eugene Lyons and William Henry Chamberlin viewed the Soviet famines. Engerman shows how Lyons and Chamberlin, who became heroes on the American right for revealing the famine's existence, showed the same anti-peasant prejudices that Duranty and Fischer did. Based on dozens of sets of private papers, and including a helpful biographical essay, Engerman points out the weaknesses of both particularism, with its enormous condescension towards people of other countries, and of universalism, which tends to believe that people are identical, and especially identical with Americans. It is with his quotations of Herzen in his introduction that Engerman strikes the wrong note. "To sacrifice others, and to be self-sacrificing on their behalf, is too easy a virtue." Later on Engerman quotes Herzen's comparison of modern ideologies and panaceas to the great idol Moloch to which children were sacrificed by being burned alive. But it is not quite fair to say that Russophiles were asking Russians to make sacrifices they themselves were not going to make. After all, in their dreams of progress, they were assuming that the Russians would become "modern" and "progressive," like Americans themselves. There would therefore be no need for Americans to sacrifice for what they had already achieved. More important, the reason that contempt for the Russian peasantry crossed ideological lines was because they were not capitalist farmers. Had they been capitalist farmers with capitalist property their dispossession would have caused more outrage. But they weren't, so it didn't. More to the point, capitalist agricultural modernization going back to Robert Young and the proponents of enclosure argues that peasants hamper economic progress. Dispossessing them in one way or another has been a hallmark of capitalist growth for centuries, (never more so than in the past half-century as E.H. Hobsbawm's "The Age of Extremes" points out). Engerman's failure to really appreciate this is a weakness. He also fails to realize that in order to provide a more humane alternative of economic growth for the Soviet Union, an economic theory based on respecting peasants would have had to exist. And given the lack of experience in the United States for such a sympathy, that was not going to happen.
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The Japanese Trajectory: Modernization and Beyond
Manufacturer: Cambridge University Press ProductGroup: Book Binding: Hardcover ASIN: 0521345154 |
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From Modernization to Globalization: Perspectives on Development and Social Change (Blackwell Readers in Sociology)
J. Timmons Roberts Manufacturer: Blackwell Publishing Professional ProductGroup: Book Binding: Paperback Similar Items:
ASIN: 0631210970 |
Book Description
Why are some countries poor? What can they do to turn their situations around? What happens to countries and individuals when they move towards being "modern"? What does it mean to "develop" and be "modern" anyway? What are the social effects of the processes of worldwide economic, cultural, and political integration called globalization? From Modernization to Globalization is a reference for scholars, students and development practitioners on the issues of processes of social change and development in the 'Third World'. It provides carefully excerpted samples from both classic and up-to-date writings in the development literature, as well as, a general introduction. Part One reviews formative ideas on the transition to modern society with brief readings from classical theorists. The second part addresses the modernizationists' discussion of how development changes people. The response from dependency and world-system theorists is reviewed in Part Three. The final section includes eight of the most influential writings on the social effects of globalization. Together, this represents an unprecedented compilation important of writings on international development.Customer Reviews:
S and S or Scholars and Students.......2000-03-29
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Social Change and Development: Modernization, Dependency and World-System Theories (SAGE Library of Social Research)
Alvin Y. So Manufacturer: Sage Publications, Inc ProductGroup: Book Binding: Paperback Similar Items:
ASIN: 0803935471 Release Date: 1990-03-01 |
Book Description
During the past four decades, the field of development has been dominated by three schools of research. The 1950s saw the modernization school, the 1960s experienced the dependency school, the 1970s developed the new world-system school, and the 1980s is a convergence of all three schools. Alvin Y. So examines the dynamic nature of these schools of development--what each of them represents, their contributions, how they have criticized each other, how they have defended themselves, and how they were transformed. He reviews a variety of empirical studies, focusing on the "classical" and the "new" models, to show how each of the perspectives affects the study of development. In addition, this book features a unique emphasis on the research implications of the three perspectives, involving changes in orientation, agenda, methodology, and findings. Social Change and Development is the first study that compares the strengths and weaknesses of the three schools of development in a thorough, comprehensive manner. It will be of great interest to students and professionals in urban studies, development studies, political science and comparative politics. "Highly recommended." --Development Update "The book is valuable both to the beginners as well as the serious student of development ." -Indian Journal of Public Administration "The book will fill a needed niche, and better than anything heretofore." --Immanuel Wallerstein, SUNY, Binghamton "[The] book is a remarkable piece of work and will, I am sure, be of great service to many teachers and students in a number of fields." --Winston Davis, Southwestern University "Professor So has provided students of development with an excellent review of three major theories of development. He skillfully meets his goals of providing a sympathetic presentation of early expressions of each theory, reviewing major criticisms, and then presenting recent expressions of each theory that have taken criticisms into account. The use of extensive reviews of a few studies within each theory provides students with a clear image of the character of the theory, and more importantly an image of the link between theoretical development and social research. The book avoids unfair caricature of theories and research, and provides a solid basis for further study and research on issues of development." --Robert Fiala, University of New Mexico "The author has succeeded in objectively delineating each theoretical perspective so that the reader is not encumbered with attempting to separate academic theory from political ideology. This is no minor achievement and the author is to be applauded for both his efforts and his achievement of this task. . . . The book will be fascinating reading for anyone interested in the historical and contemporary functioning of nation-states and their interdependency." --Journal of Applied Rehabilitation Counseling "I would like to pass along my compliments on So's new volume. The writing is exceptionally clear and the presentations superb." --Marc W. Steinberg, University of Michigan "A useful analysis of the major development theories. . . . A good text for students and teachers and the only study to address the research implications of the three development theories in a comprehensive fashion." --Development Bookshelf "An exceptionally useful book. . . . So's command of the relevant literature and ability to explain complex material, as well as his even-handed (even sympathetic) treatments of three quite different (and often antagonistic) schools, makes this stimulating book useful for a variety of audiences: scholars interested in problems of Third-World development, specialists in modern world history, and even advanced undergraduates ready to tackle problems of theory." --Journal of World History "Alvin So does a thorough job of presenting three ways to understand development. . . . The writing is clear and the territory covered is vast. The result is an impressive survey." --Contemporary Sociology "Alvin So does a thorough job of presenting three ways to understand development....So provides valuable extended summaries of early and later formulations within each perspective. The writing is clear and the territory covered is vast. The result is an impressive survey, with two main audiences: advanced undergraduates and graduate students interested in a manageable overview of the field, and scholars in other fields who are interested but prefer not to retrace every step of these long and complex debates through the original texts....the book is generally balanced which is no small accomplishment." --Industrial and Labor Relations Review "Fills a gap in the social science literature in the field of development. . .useful not only for students but for faculty members teaching different courses in sociology, history, and political science. It may also be of interest to a wide and diverse non-professional audience wanting to know more of the past and contemporary research carried out by the three schools." --International Journal of Comparative SociologyCustomer Reviews:
Social Change and Development: Modernization, Dependency and World-System Theories (SAGE Library of Social Research).......2007-02-11
Never Understood Theory So Well.......2005-10-25
dry as dust but oh, so clear.......2004-07-22
An Articulate and thorough account of Development Studies.......1998-04-07
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Mandarins of the Future: Modernization Theory in Cold War America (New Studies in American Intellectual and Cultural History)
Nils Gilman Manufacturer: The Johns Hopkins University Press ProductGroup: Book Binding: Paperback Similar Items:
ASIN: 0801886333 |
Book Description
Ideas about how to "modernize," particularly when developed countries apply them to countries less fortunate, clearly have consequences, intended and unintended. Modernization theory must be among the most important constructs of the twentieth century, certainly in the story of the social sciences. Nils Gilman here offers the first (or second) attempt to treat its development as a problem in intellectual history. The dimensions of the problem call for special ambition and competence, and Gilman has turned in a highly creditable performance. His study ranges from concepts of "modernism" to the post-World War II/Cold War American sense of global mission and responsibility. Gilman examines rising energy levels at the most prestigious university departments in the social sciences, with an entire chapter exploring Talcott Parsons and the Harvard social relations program and another on Walt Rostow and the attempt to rationalize foreign aid/foreign policy at MIT. Gilman thus supplies the background and context for the nation's "generous" Third World programs during the period of competition with the Soviet Union-and the same for our most grievous postwar blunder, the notion that our power and good intentions could save the South Vietnamese from poverty, themselves, and the post-colonialists to the north. "Nils Gilman effectively charts the development of "Modernization theory" in American intellectual life after World War II, examining the intstitutional networks that usstained it and helped make it a keystone of academic and foreign-policy discourse in the 1950s and early 1960s." --Howard Brick, Washington University, St. Louis "Gilman provides not only the fullest history of modernization theory, and its linkages to actual government policy formation, we have to date, but he explores in depth a fascinating slice of American intellectual history in the 1960s and early 1970s. His analysis of foundation and academic politics and their interface with government agencies is detailed, original and compelling. . . . He also has some provocative things to say about its resurrection, however uncertain, following the collapse of commmand communism in Eastern Europe. . . . No serieous author (or teacher) will be able to tackle this subject without considering his arguments and mastering his history of one of the most influential ideologies of the late 20th century." --Michael Adas, Rutgers University "Wonderfully written . . . based on marvelous archival work. The [sections] on the Social Science Research Council committess and and on the internal workings of gropus at MIT and elsewhere is simply terrific. . . . [Gilman's] interviews with Gabirel Amond, Albert Hirschmann, and others were very successful." --David A. Hollinger, University of California, Berkeley
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Revolt Against the Dead: The Modernization of a Mayan Community in the Highlands of Guatemala (Library of Anthropology)
Dougl Brintnall Manufacturer: Routledge ProductGroup: Book Binding: Hardcover ASIN: 0677051700 |
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The Cinema of Economic Miracles: Visuality and Modernization in the Italian Art Film (Post-Contemporary Interventions)
Angelo Restivo Manufacturer: Duke University Press ProductGroup: Book Binding: Paperback Similar Items:
ASIN: 0822327996 |
Book Description
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Taiwan's Modernization in Global Perspective
Manufacturer: Praeger Publishers ProductGroup: Book Binding: Hardcover ASIN: 0275970809 |
Book Description
In five decades, Taiwan has shifted from an authoritarian regime to a multi-party democracy, has moved steadily toward modernization, and has become an economically affluent, socially pluralistic society. Its experience provides valuable lessons for developing countries. This book offers a critical assessment of Taiwan's path to modernization, focusing particularly on developments of constitutional democracy and the rule of law, democratic transition and consolidation, internationalization and globalization, and social developments. From its market economy to its democratization, Taiwan provides a valuable case study. On social developments, it provides a unique model of demographic transition, rising women's social status, and the emergence of the nuclear family. In eighteen chapters written by prominent scholars, this book examines the multiple aspects of Taiwan's modernization in a global perspective.
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The Modernization of the Louisiana Sugar Industry, 1830-1910
John Alfred Heitmann Manufacturer: Louisiana State University Press ProductGroup: Book Binding: Hardcover ASIN: 0807113247 |
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